Mitundu iwiri ya mafani omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga makina opangira ma ducts amatchedwa mafani a centrifugal ndi axial - dzina lochokera kudera lomwe mpweya umadutsa kudzera pa fan.Mitundu iwiriyi imagawika m'magulu angapo omwe adapangidwa kuti apereke mawonekedwe amtundu wa voliyumu / kupanikizika, komanso mawonekedwe ena ogwirira ntchito (kuphatikiza kukula, phokoso, kugwedezeka, kuyeretsa, kusungitsa ndi kulimba).

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Table 1: US ndi ku Europe adasindikiza chiwongola dzanja chapamwamba cha mafani> 600mm m'mimba mwake

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Mitundu ina ya mafani omwe amakumana nawo pafupipafupi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu HVAC adalembedwa mu Gulu 1, kuphatikiza zowonetsa zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa1 kuchokera pama data ofalitsidwa ndi opanga osiyanasiyana aku US ndi Europe.Kuphatikiza pa izi, fan ya 'plug' (yomwe ilidi yofananira ya centrifugal fan) yawona kutchuka kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa.

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Chithunzi 1: Ma curve a generic fan.Mafani enieni amatha kusiyana kwambiri ndi ma curve osavuta awa

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Mawonekedwe a ma curve akuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 1. Izi ndizokokomeza, zokhotakhota bwino, ndipo mafani enieni akhoza kusiyana ndi awa;komabe, iwo akuwoneka kuti ali ndi makhalidwe ofanana.Izi zikuphatikizapo madera osakhazikika omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kusaka, kumene fani imatha kusuntha pakati pa maulendo awiri omwe angatheke pamtundu womwewo kapena chifukwa cha kuzizira kwa fani (onani Kuyimitsidwa kwa bokosi loyendetsa mpweya).Opanga akuyeneranso kuzindikira magawo omwe amawakonda 'otetezeka' m'mabuku awo.

Mafani a Centrifugal

Ndi mafani a centrifugal, mpweya umalowa mu choyikapo pambali pake, kenako umatulutsidwa mozungulira kuchokera ku choponderetsa ndi kayendedwe ka centrifugal.Mafani awa amatha kupanga zonse zovuta kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwamphamvu.Ambiri mwa mafani amtundu wa centrifugal amatsekeredwa m'nyumba yamtundu wa mipukutu (monga chithunzi 2) yomwe imathandizira kuwongolera mpweya woyenda ndikusintha bwino mphamvu ya kinetic kukhala kukakamiza kokhazikika.Kuti musunthe mpweya wochulukirapo, chofanizira chikhoza kupangidwa ndi chowongolera cha 'double width double inlet', cholola mpweya kulowa mbali zonse za casing.

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Chithunzi 2: Centrifugal fan mu chotengera cha mipukutu, chokhala ndi cholowera chakumbuyo

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Pali mitundu ingapo ya masamba omwe amatha kupanga chopondera, ndi mitundu ikuluikulu yomwe imakhala yokhotakhota kutsogolo komanso yokhotakhota kumbuyo - mawonekedwe a tsambalo amatsimikizira momwe amagwirira ntchito, kuthekera kwake komanso mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe a fan curve.Zina zomwe zingakhudze mphamvu ya fani ndi m'lifupi mwa gudumu loyendetsa, malo ovomerezeka pakati pa cholowera cholowera ndi chopondera chozungulira, ndipo dera lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa mpweya kuchokera ku fan (yomwe imatchedwa 'kuphulika dera') .

Kukupiza kotereku kwakhala koyendetsedwa ndi mota yokhala ndi lamba ndi dongosolo la pulley.Komabe, pakuwongolera kwamagetsi owongolera liwiro lamagetsi komanso kupezeka kwamphamvu kwa ma motors osinthidwa pakompyuta ('EC' kapena brushless), ma drive olunjika akugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi.Izi sizimangochotsa kulephera komwe kumakhalapo pakuyendetsa lamba (zomwe zitha kukhala chilichonse kuyambira 2% mpaka 10%, kutengera kukonza2) komanso zimatha kuchepetsa kugwedezeka, kuchepetsa kukonza (zochepa zonyamula ndi kuyeretsa zofunika) ndikupanga msonkhano. zambiri zophatikiza.

Mafani okhotakhota kumbuyo a centrifugal

Mafani opindika kumbuyo (kapena 'opendekeka') amadziwika ndi masamba omwe amapendekera kutali ndi komwe akuzungulira.Amatha kufika 90% pogwiritsa ntchito masamba a aerofoil, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 3, kapena ndi masamba owoneka bwino opangidwa ndi miyeso itatu, ndi kuchepera pang'ono pogwiritsira ntchito masamba opindika, komanso ocheperanso pogwiritsira ntchito mapepala osavuta obwerera kumbuyo.Mpweya umasiya nsonga za choyikapo pa liwiro lotsika kwambiri, kotero kuti kukangana mkati mwa casing kumakhala kochepa komanso phokoso lopangidwa ndi mpweya limakhala lochepa.Iwo akhoza kuima pa mopitirira malire a ntchito yokhotakhota.Zowunikira zokulirapo zidzathandiza kwambiri, ndipo zitha kugwiritsa ntchito masamba owoneka bwino a aerofoil.Slim impellers idzawonetsa phindu lochepa pogwiritsira ntchito ma aerofoil kotero amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mbale zafulati.Mafani okhotakhota kumbuyo amadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha kuthekera kwawo kopanga kupanikizika kwakukulu komwe kumaphatikizidwa ndi phokoso lochepa, komanso kukhala ndi mawonekedwe amphamvu osadzaza - izi zikutanthauza kuti kukana kumachepetsa m'dongosolo ndipo kuthamanga kumawonjezera mphamvu yokokedwa ndi mota yamagetsi kumachepetsa. .Kupanga kwa mafani okhotakhota chakumbuyo ndikoyenera kukhala kolimba komanso kolemera kuposa fani yokhotakhota yakutsogolo yocheperako.Kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mpweya kudutsa masambawo kumapangitsa kuti zowononga (monga fumbi ndi mafuta).

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Chithunzi 3: Chithunzi cha centrifugal fan impellers

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Mafani opindika a centrifugal opita patsogolo

Mafani opindika kutsogolo amadziwika ndi masamba ambiri opindika kutsogolo.Popeza nthawi zambiri amatulutsa zocheperako, zimakhala zazing'ono, zopepuka komanso zotsika mtengo kuposa zimakupiza zopindika kumbuyo.Monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 3 ndi Chithunzi 4, mtundu uwu wa fanizi wa fani udzaphatikizapo 20-kuphatikiza masamba omwe angakhale ophweka monga kupangidwa kuchokera ku pepala limodzi lachitsulo.Kuchita bwino kumapezeka m'miyeso yayikulu ndi masamba opangidwa pawokha.Mpweya umasiya nsonga za tsamba ndi liwiro lapamwamba la tangential, ndipo mphamvu ya kinetic iyi iyenera kusinthidwa kukhala static pressure mu casing - izi zimalepheretsa kugwira ntchito bwino.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mpweya wochepa kapena wapakati pamagetsi otsika (nthawi zambiri <1.5kPa), ndipo amakhala ndi mphamvu yochepera pansi pa 70%.Mpukutu wa mpukutuwo ndi wofunikira kwambiri kuti ugwire bwino ntchito, popeza mpweya umachoka kunsonga kwa masambawo mothamanga kwambiri ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza mphamvu ya kinetic kukhala mphamvu yosasunthika.Amathamanga pa liwiro lotsika kwambiri, motero, phokoso lopangidwa ndi makina limakonda kukhala locheperapo poyerekeza ndi mafani okhotakhota obwerera m'mbuyo.Faniyi imakhala ndi mphamvu yodzaza mphamvu ikamagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi zotsutsa zochepa.

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Chithunzi 4: Kutsogolo kokhotakhota kopindika kwa centrifugal ndi mota yofunikira

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Mafani awa sali abwino pomwe, mwachitsanzo, mpweya waipitsidwa kwambiri ndi fumbi kapena umanyamula madontho amafuta opangidwa.

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Chithunzi 5: Chitsanzo cha fani ya pulagi yoyendetsedwa mwachindunji yokhala ndi masamba opindika chakumbuyo

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Radial bladed centrifugal mafani

The radial bladed centrifugal fan ili ndi ubwino wokhoza kusuntha mpweya woipitsidwa komanso pazovuta kwambiri (mu dongosolo la 10kPa) koma, kuthamanga mofulumira kwambiri, kumakhala phokoso komanso kosagwira ntchito (<60%) ndipo kotero sayenera kukhala. amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazambiri za HVAC.Imakhalanso ndi mawonekedwe odzaza mphamvu - popeza kukana kwadongosolo kumachepetsedwa (mwina ndi kutseguka kwa zida zowongolera voliyumu), mphamvu yamagalimoto imakwera ndipo, kutengera kukula kwagalimoto, mwina 'kuchulukira'.

Pulagi mafani

M'malo moyikidwa m'bokosi la mipukutu, zopangira zopangira zolingazi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji posungira mpweya (kapena, munjira iliyonse kapena plenum), ndipo mtengo wawo woyamba ukhoza kukhala wotsika kuposa. ali ndi mafani a centrifugal.Zomwe zimadziwika kuti 'plenum', 'plug' kapena 'unhoused' centrifugal fans, izi zingapereke ubwino wina wa danga koma pamtengo wotayika bwino (ndi kuthandizira bwino kukhala kofanana ndi kwa mafani okhotakhota a centrifugal).Mafani amakoka mpweya kudzera mu chulu cholowera (monga momwe zimakupizira m'nyumba) koma kenako amatulutsa mpweya mozungulira kuzungulira 360 ° kunja kwa choyikapocho.Atha kupereka kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa maulumikizidwe amtundu (kuchokera ku plenum), kutanthauza kuti pangakhale kufunikira kocheperako kokhotakhota moyandikana kapena kusintha kwakuthwa mu ductwork komwe kungawonjezere kutsika kwamphamvu kwa dongosolo (ndipo, chifukwa chake, mphamvu zowonjezera za fan).Kuchita bwino kwadongosolo lonse kumatha kupitilizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zolembera zapakamwa pa belu kupita ku ma ducts omwe amasiya plenum.Ubwino wina wa plug fan ndikuwongolera kwamayimbidwe ake, makamaka chifukwa cha mayamwidwe a mawu mkati mwa plenum komanso kusowa kwa njira za "kupenya" kuchokera pa choyikapo kulowa mkamwa mwa ductwork.Kuchita bwino kumadalira kwambiri malo omwe amakupiza mkati mwa plenum ndi ubale wa fan ku malo ake - plenum ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza mphamvu ya kinetic mumlengalenga ndikuwonjezera kuthamanga kwa static.Kugwira ntchito kosiyana kwambiri ndi kukhazikika kosiyanasiyana kwa ntchito kumatengera mtundu wa choyikapo - zophatikizira zosakanikirana (zopereka kuphatikiza kwa ma radial ndi axial flow) zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi mavuto obwera chifukwa cha mawonekedwe amphamvu akuyenda kwa mpweya wopangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma centrifugal impellers3.

Kwa mayunitsi ang'onoang'ono, kapangidwe kawo kophatikizana kaŵirikaŵiri kamakhala kogwirizana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma mota osavuta kuwongolera a EC.

Axial mafani

Mu mafani othamanga a axial, mpweya umadutsa mu fanizi mogwirizana ndi axis of rotation (monga momwe tawonetsera mu chubu yosavuta axial fan ya Chithunzi 6) - kupanikizika kumapangidwa ndi kukweza kwa aerodynamic (mofanana ndi mapiko a ndege).Izi zitha kukhala zophatikizika, zotsika mtengo komanso zopepuka, makamaka zoyenera kusuntha mpweya motsutsana ndi zovuta zotsika, motero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza m'makina otulutsa pomwe madontho amadontho amakhala otsika kuposa machitidwe operekera - zoperekera nthawi zambiri kuphatikiza kutsika kwamphamvu kwa mpweya wonse. zigawo zikuluzikulu mu mpweya wogwira unit.Mpweya ukasiya fani ya axial yosavuta, imakhala ikugwedezeka chifukwa cha kusinthasintha komwe kumaperekedwa pamlengalenga pamene ikudutsa pamagetsi - ntchito ya faniyo ikhoza kusinthidwa kwambiri ndi makina otsogolera otsika kuti abwezeretsenso, monga momwe zimakhalira. axial fan yomwe ikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 7. Kuchita bwino kwa axial fan kumakhudzidwa ndi mawonekedwe a tsamba, mtunda pakati pa nsonga ya tsamba ndi nkhani yozungulira, ndi kubwezeretsanso.Kutalika kwa tsamba kumatha kusinthidwa kuti kusinthasintha bwino kutulutsa kwa fan.Potembenuza kusinthasintha kwa mafani a axial, mpweya wa mpweya ukhoza kusinthidwanso - ngakhale kuti faniyo idzapangidwira kuti igwire ntchito yaikulu.

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Chithunzi 6: chubu axial flow fan

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Mapiritsi amtundu wa ma axial mafani ali ndi malo osungira omwe angawapangitse kukhala osayenera machitidwe omwe ali ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito, ngakhale ali ndi phindu la mphamvu yosadzaza mphamvu.

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Chithunzi 7: Chokupiza cha axial flow

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Mafani a Vane axial amatha kuchita bwino ngati mafani okhotakhota kumbuyo, ndipo amatha kutulutsa mafunde okwera pamakanikizidwe oyenera (makamaka mozungulira 2kPa), ngakhale atha kupanga phokoso lochulukirapo.

Kuthamanga kosakanikirana ndi chitukuko cha axial fan ndipo, monga momwe tawonetsera mu Chithunzi 8, ili ndi choponderetsa chooneka ngati conical pomwe mpweya umakokedwa mozungulira kudzera munjira zokulirakulira kenako ndikudutsa axial kudzera mumayendedwe owongoka.Kuphatikizikako kungapangitse kupanikizika kwambiri kuposa momwe zingathekere ndi mafani ena a axial flow.Kuchita bwino ndi kuchuluka kwa phokoso kumatha kukhala kofanana ndi komwe kumakupiza kumbuyo kwa centrifugal fan.

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Chithunzi 8: Kuphatikizika kothamanga kwapaintaneti

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Kuyika kwa fan

Kuyesetsa kupereka yankho logwira mtima la mafani kungasokonezedwe kwambiri ndi ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa faniyo ndi njira zapamlengalenga zomwe zimapangidwira mlengalenga .

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Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-07-2022